Beam deflection is an essential consideration in engineering and construction projects. It refers to the amount a beam deforms or bends under the influence of external forces. Accurate calculation of ...

Deflection refers to the degree that a structural element is displaced under a load. It is an essential aspect of engineering and construction, allowing designers to ensure that structures can safely ...

The integrations needed to determine beam deflections require the enforcement of the appropriate displacement and rotation boundary conditions (BCs). It is important that we be able to recognize these ...

The present study pertains to the load-deflection behavior and cracking moments of concrete beams with hybrid FRP-steel reinforcement. Under and over-reinforced hybrid beams were tested for failure ...

In civil engineering, flexural beams are used to control the effect of vibrations that can cause cracks to appear in surfaces (concrete slabs) and beams. This is particularly important in buildings ...