We are now ready to define vector spaces. The idea is to observe that sets of column vectors, or row vectors, or more generally matrices of a given size, all come equipped with a notion of addition ...

I have some modules whose parameters include discrete values (e.g. indices). After turning on allow_int=True in jax.grad to handle these, I get the following error: TypeError: Called multiply with a ...

Abstract: This paper presents parallel scalar multiplication techniques for elliptic curve cryptography using q-based addition-subtraction k-chain which can also effectively resist side-channel attack ...

Abstract: In this paper, we research the operation rules and scalar multiplication of Twisted Edwards elliptic curve. Based on the properties of point addition and double point operations, we propose ...

Matrices are rectangular arrays of objects, defined using specific terminology such as rows, columns, order, and elements . Understanding this terminology is essential for performing basic operations ...

Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Operation on matrices: Addition and multiplication and ...