Abstract: This paper presents a simulation of a buck converter using pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal frequencies and duty cycles generated by an Arduino microcontroller for solar panel application ...

Abstract: High power AC drives application has lower switching frequency due to the high switching loss of power devices, and many optimized pulse width modulation (PWM)strategies are proposed for the ...

int escPin = 9; // PWM pin connected to ESC signal wire int throttle = 0; // Throttle value (0-180) void setup() { esc.attach(escPin); // Attach the ESC to the defined pin esc.write(0); // Initialize ...

Microcontrollers are digital devices at heart. They can do fancy things like convert analog signals into a digital value but going the other direction is a bit tougher. Pulse-Width Modulation is used ...

S.A.N.K.A.L.P. is a Bluetooth-controlled robotic system featuring precise navigation and a kinematic arm. Powered by an ESP32 and an Arduino UNO, the robot integrates dual-motor drive, stepper arm ...