Caroline Banton has 6+ years of experience as a writer of business and finance articles. She also writes biographies for Story Terrace. Somer G. Anderson is CPA, doctor of accounting, and an ...

We often hear the word beta in the context of “beta test”. It’s a way of testing something (e.g. a software program) in a real-world situation to iron out any glitches before rolling it out to the ...

Investors understand intuitively that some stocks are riskier than others. The capital asset pricing model attempts to quantify the common perception of risk using a term called beta. By understanding ...

The expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is a popular, and often remarkably simple, method for maximum likelihood estimation in incomplete-data problems. One criticism of EM in practice is that ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Gordon Scott has been an active investor and ...