VCC is the power supply pin of the soil moisture sensor that can be connected to 3.3V or 5V of the supply. But do note that the analog output will vary depending on the provided supply voltage. GND is ...

Abstract: The calibration process involved comparing data from capacitive sensors with soil moisture content measured continuously by the volumetric water content (VWC) method. The results showed that ...

A wireless soil moisture monitoring system using XBee enables real-time data transmission for precise irrigation. It reduces water waste, avoids over-irrigation, and improves crop health. The ...