Lifetime of a node is a critical concern in wireless sensor network (WSN). Nowadays networks are becoming large, so data collected is becoming even larger, which all consume great amount of energy ...

The state-of-the-art routing protocols in WSNs are classified with the two major divisions viz., network structure and protocol operations. This paper provides cursory look on network structure ...

Network layer routing protocols provide the communication protocols and algorithms for determining routes to every destination and also for distributing the routing information throughout the network.

Routing protocols were created for routers. These protocols have been designed to allow the exchange of routing tables, or known networks, between routers. There are a lot of different routing ...

What is Routing? To put it simply, routing is a process that is performed by network layer devices. It will deliver packets by selecting an optimal path from one network to the other.

Current routing protocols—despite the use of strong encryption—are susceptible to an increasing array of cyber threats, especially in the emerging era of quantum computing. Risks such as ...

Servers could be haunted by a ghost from the 1980s, as hackers have started abusing an obsolete routing protocol to launch distributed denial-of-service attacks. DDoS attacks observed in May by ...