For many years, the use and growth of technology has facilitated animation’s development. From the early ages of the phenakistoscope disk (spindle viewer) or flipbook, to the invention of the zoetrope ...

Introduction -- Film and television at the dawn of the digital revolution -- Analog dreams : bohemians, beatniks, and the Whitneys -- Spook work : the government and the military -- Academia -- Xerox ...

Computer gaming and animation represent a dynamic nexus where cutting‐edge technology meets artistic practice. This interdisciplinary field encompasses the design of interactive digital environments, ...

Now a beloved family film with an entire catalog of sequels and successors, “Toy Story” was far from a sure thing when production work began on the film on Jan. 19, 1993. Envisioned as the first ...

“Toy Story,” the first computer animated feature film, began production at Pixar Animation Studios on Jan. 19, 1993. Screengrab from Instagram Now a beloved family film with an entire catalog of ...

Now a beloved family film with an entire catalog of sequels and successors, “Toy Story” was far from a sure thing when production work began on the film on Jan. 19, 1993. Envisioned as the first ...