In each case we develop policies that learn the demand function "on the fly," and optimize prices based on that. The performance of these algorithms is measured in terms of the regret: the revenue ...

The utility function can be used to derive the demand function, and both concepts relate to utility maximization.

Lawrence J. Lau, Pan A. Yotopoulos, Profit, Supply, and Factor Demand Functions, American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 54, No. 1 (Feb., 1972), pp. 11-18 ...