• Understand the fundamentals of the systems sub-area within the field of electrical engineering so as to get excited about the area. • Understand linear time invariant systems. • Apply the concepts ...

Much like the discrete-time sigma-delta converters found in many high-precision applications, the continuous-time sigma-delta architecture incorporates oversampling and noise shaping to achieve ...

Time crystals can be classified as either discrete or continuous. An external periodic force drives discrete time crystals, while continuous time crystals emerge from the collective and self-sustained ...

We develop an optimal quantization approach for numerically solving nonlinear filtering problems associated with discrete-time or continuous-time state processes and discrete-time observations. Two ...

Florian Bourgey and Julien Guyon introduce a novel discrete-time-continuous-time exact calibration method. They build an S&P 500/VIX jointly calibrated discrete-time model, which they later extend to ...

Most physicists honor Einstein’s insight, and so most approaches to quantum gravity take space and time to either both be continuous or both be discrete.

A logically consistent specification of the adaptive expectations hypothesis in continuous time is derived from an underlying discrete time model. We distinguish between (i) the time interval between ...