Let G be a directed graph such that every edge e of G is associated with a positive integer, called the index of e. Then G is called a network graph if, at every vertex v of G, the sum of the indices ...

Abstract: This paper introduces a novel framework of Directed Edge q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Graphs (DEq-ROFGs), where graph vertices are crisp, and edges are characterized by q-rung orthopair fuzzy ...