It may come as a surprise to some that a control loop’s Bode plot does not always depict the loop stability and that the output impedance measurement, obtained non-invasively, always does ...

Given this limitation, it would seem impossible to extract a Bode plot, however, consider the well-known relationship between the closed loop and open loop responses of a feedback system.

Bode plots – or frequency response graphs – are found in just about every piece of literature for high-end audio equipment. It’s a simple idea, graphing frequency over amplitude, … ...