ASP.NET MVC filters can be defined once and used in multiple places. Because ASP.NET MVC also provides the ability to create custom filters, it's good practice to learn how to make them and use them ...
There really isn't such a thing as an "unhandled error" -- if your code throws an error outside of a Try...Catch block, then your error bubbles up through various ASP ...
Take advantage of the UseExceptionHandler middleware in ASP.Net Core to ensure that every error in your Web API application is caught Exceptions are runtime errors ...