Almost periodic functions serve as a powerful conceptual framework in analysing differential equations whose coefficients or forcing terms exhibit recurrent behaviour over time. Rooted in the ...

Heun functions, which generalise the well‐known hypergeometric functions, are solutions to the Heun differential equation – a second‐order linear differential equation with four regular singular ...

The principle aim of this research article is to investigate the properties of k-fractional integration introduced and defined by Mubeen and Habibullah [1],and secondly to solve the integral equation ...

The principle aim of this research article is to investigate the properties of k-fractional integration introduced and defined by Mubeen and Habibullah [1], and secondly to solve the integral equation ...

In this study, we investigate a new neural network method to solve Volterra and Fredholm integral equations based on the sine-cosine basis function and extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm.

Back in the early days of the personal computer, there wasn't too much that these machines could do. That changed with the first "killer app," a spreadsheet program intended to harness the computer's ...

Mathematical formulas. Maths. Scientific and educational concept. Science. Chromakey background. Green screen. Camera flies through math formulas on background. Math calculations functions equations.

Background Lung function testing remains a cornerstone in the assessment and management of interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. The clinical implications of the Global Lung function Initiative ...