Presburger arithmetic is the first-order theory of the natural numbers with addition (but no multiplication). We characterize sets that can be defined by a Presburger formula as exactly the sets whose ...
SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Vol. 44, No. 4 (Aug., 1984), pp. 773-783 (11 pages) The general form of the generating function associated with quadratic asymptotically symmetric birth and death ...