Entropy production lies at the heart of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, a field that examines systems away from equilibrium where continuous energy flows and irreversible processes dominate. In such ...

Chemical thermodynamics and energetics represent a foundational pillar of physical chemistry, addressing the principles that govern energy exchanges during physical and chemical transformations. This ...

It is one of the most important laws of nature that we know: The famous second law of thermodynamics says that the world gets ...