Compare inheritance and composition, the two fundamental ways to relate Java classes, then practice debugging ClassCastExceptions in Java inheritance.

Spacing of Output in Java. Java programs without a graphical user interface use a computer's command line to interact with the user. It is vital that the program's command line output is properly ...

Sealed classes in Java let developers limit the creation and use of subclasses and preserve the class hierarchy. Here is how sealed classes in Java work.