Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

Design Inputs, Design Outputs, and Traceability matrices present a challenge to almost all industries that apply design controls. Typically, these cause the creation and maintenance of duplicate ...

Earlier work (Sonis and Hewings, 1993, 1995; Sonis, Hewings and Miyazawa 1997a) has explored new ways of examining the structure of regional economies using input-output and social accounting systems.