Addition and Subtraction Tricks Without Pen and Paper: Doing quick calculations without writing anything down can seem tricky, but with the right mental math techniques, students can easily learn to ...

A thorough understanding of addition and subtraction requires knowledge of the inverse relation between these operations. According to Piaget (1952), any inverse relation poses a significant challenge ...

Stingrays and zebra mbuna fish can perform simple addition and subtraction involving numbers between 1 and 5. Several studies have shown that fish can tell the difference between higher and lower ...