Difference equations, serving as the discrete analogue to differential equations, have long been a linchpin in the study of dynamic systems. These equations define sequences recursively, and their ...

Abstract. Weakly linear systems of fuzzy relation inequalities and equations have recently emerged from research in the theory of fuzzy automata. From the general aspect of the theory of fuzzy ...

The quasi-geostrophic equations are a cornerstone in the mathematical modelling of large-scale geophysical flows, where the balance between pressure gradients and the Coriolis effect is paramount.

Following our earlier work on general second-order scalar equations, here we develop a least-squares functional for the two- and three-dimensional Stokes equations, generalized slightly by allowing a ...

Description: First order quasi-linear equations and their application to physical and social sciences; the Cauchy-Kovalevsky theorem; characteristics, classification, and canonical form of linear ...

Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer derivations and applications. Topics include Navier-Stokes equations and their application for solution of fluid mechanic problems in the inviscid fluid, creeping ...

Some important points to revise from the chapter are: • An equation of the form ax + by + c = 0, where a, b and c are real numbers, such that a and b are not both zero, is called a linear equation in ...