Abstract: Logical reasoning of text requires neural models to possess strong contextual comprehension and logical reasoning ability to draw conclusions from limited information. To improve the logical ...

Predicate logic is an extension of propositional logic. Here we consider what is called first-order predicate logic, abbreviated FOL (sometimes abbreviated PL1, not to be confused with the programming ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Natural language sentences that talk about two or more sets of entities can be assigned various readings. The ones in which the sets are ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract This paper studies the expressive power that an extra first order quantifier adds to a fragment of monadic second order logic, extending the ...

Automata theory and temporal logic are essential areas of computer science that deal with the formalization of computation and the reasoning about time-dependent behaviors in systems. These fields ...

Definiteness is an operator that referring to discourse and pragmatic situations. In a nutshell definiteness is a referent whose existence is commonly understood to both the speaker and the addressee.

Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition (CAD) is a pivotal algorithmic technique in real algebraic geometry, instrumental in resolving problems expressed in a first‐order language over the reals. By ...