The quadrature processing techniques employed in spectrum analysis,computer graphics, and digital communications routinely require highspeed determination of the magnitude of a complex number (vector ...

If \(\overrightarrow {PQ} = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}} a\\ b\\ c \end{array}} \right)\) then the magnitude of \(\overrightarrow {PQ}\) is written as \(\left ...

Error vector magnitude (EVM) is a popular system-level performance metric that is defined in many communication standards, such as wireless local area networks (WLAN ...

pre-reqs: trig Think of the following two things. Temperature and wind speed. These are two different things that you could measure, but there is one big difference. Wind speed has two parts to it - ...

The direction of a vector can be given in a written description, or drawn as an arrow. The length of an arrow represents the magnitude of the quantity. If one arrow is twice as long as another, it ...