The Montgomery multiplication is an efficient method for modular arithmetic. Typically, it is used for modular arithmetic over integer rings to prevent the expensive inversion for the modulo reduction ...

The Montgomery multiplication is an efficient method for modular arithmetic. Typically, it is used for modular arithmetic over integer rings to prevent the expensive inversion for the modulo reduction ...

Students begin with familiar problems involving an analog clock and soon realize they already have some experience with modular arithmetic. Using this knowledge, they develop mathematical notation and ...

Number Theory Utils (NUT) A collection of functions for working modular arithmetic, polynomials over finite fields, and related things. Implements factorization of 64 bit numbers using trial division, ...

Integer-like HRR representations that respect modular arithmetic operations: + , − , × . This repo was largely motivated as a proof of concept demonstrating a particular model of modular arithmetic ...

The work described in this article was based on a historical perspective in order to analyze the extension of the natural-number domain to the integers in students' transition from arithmetic to ...