When and why do you use lognormal distribution or normal distribution for analyzing securities? Lognormal for stocks, normal for portfolio returns.

For such cases, we need to extend the normal distribution, and in particular the variance, in scalar/matrix form. In the vector form of the normal distribution, the variance V becomes a matrix, ...

A Log-Normal distribution function is the normal distribution for the logarithm of the variable. In linear scale it is a highly skewed distribution with a long tail in the high productivity side.

The authors describe methods for estimating the mean and standard deviation of the normal distribution based on estimates of the mean and standard deviation determined from the folded normal. Tables ...

In this graph, the length of the bar shows the number of data values (x-axis) that fall in the range of the bar indicated on the y-axis. From this graph, the distribution of data looks relatively ...