Measuring average velocities in channels with surfaces open to atmosphere has been challenging. A new method using open-flow channel equations could help.

The friction factor in open channel flow is considered to increase proportionally with wall roughness compared to that of pipe flow because of undulation at the free surface. The undulation is ...

The data collected by open channel flow monitoring in conjunction with sewer system evaluation surveys (SSES), is frequently evaluated using Rational Techniques. Separate sewer models frequently ...

Accessing real-time data provides operators with continuous data on flow rates, pump performance and well levels, allowing ...