The circuit in Fig 1 controls the temperature of a cooled CCD by using a two- or three-stage Peltier cooler running at about 50W. Usually, you would run a Peltier cooler at close to full cooling power ...

Abstract: The paper focuses on a novel nonlinear control application - ice clamping of workpieces using Peltier cells which is based only on available measurements of the hot-side temperature. A ...