A continuous random variable is a type of variable that can take on any value within a given range. Unlike discrete random variables, which have a countable number of outcomes, continuous random ...

A discrete random variable is a type of random variable that can take on a countable set of distinct values. Common examples include the number of children in a family, the outcome of rolling a die, ...

The Virginia Lottery offers a game called the New Year's Millionaire Raffle for which the top prize is one million dollars. There are 375,000 tickets sold, of which 508 are winners. There are three ...

Abstract: This chapter provides a brief introduction to the concepts and foundations of the theory of probability and stochastic processes and methods of state estimation. A collection of random ...

This chapter reviews uniform and Gaussian random variables (RVs). It describes the empirical probability density function (PDF) of RVs and provides its comparison with the theoretical PDF. Using ...

ABSTRACT: One of the most important challenges in the design of the foundation of the Earth layer below the surface, the Summit Foundation, which can be a very large impact on the sustainability and ...