Inverse problems in differential equations constitute a pivotal area in applied mathematics and engineering, where the aim is to deduce unknown parameters or inputs within a differential equation from ...

Since every plane-harmonic function is associated with a conjugate, problems in which normal gradients are specified on the boundary can be transformed into problems in which boundary values are ...

Simplify or manipulate expressions involving polynomial, radical, exponential, or logarithmic terms using appropriate properties and rules Use numeric or variable substitution while working with ...