A mathematical model that uses microwave spectroscopic methods to interpret EtO measurements may provide a powerful software tool for process engineers. by Zhangwu Zhu and Ian P. Matthews Figure 1.

Flotation is a well‐established separation process that utilises the distinct interfacial phenomena between hydrophobic and hydrophilic particles to achieve selective recovery of valuable materials.

Online monitoring of cell density has become a routine task during cell culture and fermentation. Fogale nanotech’s (www.fogalebiotech.com) capacitance-based sensor is used by many pharma/biotech ...

The standard Gaussian copula model, with its overlay of base correlation, is useful but not ideal. It is essentially a static look-up table that does not model the dynamics of the process. It is hard ...

The pharmaceutical industry is making efforts by internally assessing, developing, and implementing semi-continuous manufacturing processes to improve manufacturing efficiencies. The continuous ...

G. Mathias Kondolf, Andrew J. Boulton, Scott O'Daniel, Geoffrey C. Poole, Frank J. Rahel, Emily H. Stanley, Ellen Wohl, Asa Bång, Julia Carlstrom, Chiara Cristoni ...