Special functions occupy a central role in mathematical analysis, bridging pure theory and practical application across diverse scientific fields. Their intrinsic properties—such as recurrence ...

In recent times there occur situations, especially in estimation problems in certain stochastic processes, in which the limit of the suitably normalised log-likelihood ratios is a family of mixed or ...

Uniqueness requires, more restrictively, that schedule delay cost functions be continuous. Several properties of equilibrium trip cost functions are derived for n groups of users with Ni in group i.