If you want to replicate the music of your favorite musicians, you will need to know the pedal effect devices they use and the circuitry within them. Furthermore, if you want to design new pedal ...

All circuits, analog or digital, have characteristics dependent on the values of their component parts. Invariably, these parts are non-ideal in many ways. Even their most fundamental characteristics, ...

For simple circuits, it’s easy enough to grab a breadboard and start putting it together. Breadboards make it easy to check your circuit for mistakes before soldering together a finished product. But ...

In a signal-conditioning op-amp application there are a number of different approaches to take—what noise and SFDR advantages might one offer over another. In designing an input stage for an analog-to ...

Any X-Y switch matrix can be considered with this circuit, which simplifies decoding of the common 4x4 keypad matrix and eliminates having to scan rows or columns. Using eight digital inputs, this ...

Lighting a string of LEDs at a constant brightness requires driving it with a regulated current. A boost converter is commonly used to step up the voltage to a level high enough to bias the LEDs on ...

When I was recently debugging a design, I discovered that a short circuit existed from a ground plane to a power plane. I did not have access to a milliohmmeter or an equivalent tester for locating ...

Abstract: Thermoelectric power generation modules for industrial applications often require an output of several tens of watts, and DC-DC converters used for power matching are required to have high ...

A relatively simple circuit invented by researchers at the University of Texas could let smartphones and other wireless devices send and receive data twice as fast as they do now. This circuit could ...