Spanning Trees A spanning tree is a subgraph of a connected, undirected graph that includes all vertices of the graph with the minimum possible number of edges. Both DFS and BFS can be used to create ...

This book is concerned with the optimization problem of maximizing the number of spanning trees of a multigraph. Since a spanning tree is a minimally connected subgraph, graphs and multigraphs having ...

This paper proposes four heuristic algorithms MISi (i=1,2,3,4) for extracting a spanning planar subgraph from a given terminal-vertex graph, in which a path or a directed cycle represents how pins of ...

Additionally, research on planar graphs has yielded new insights into the anti-Ramsey numbers for paths and cycles, thereby bridging classical graph theory with geometric constraints [3].