You can make a message secret in countless different ways. One common way is to use a substitution cipher, in which one letter is substituted for another. Another is to employ a transposition cipher, ...

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Expertise from Forbes Councils members, operated under license. Opinions expressed are those of the author. The history of cryptography, the art of writing and solving codes, dates back to ancient ...

Cryptographic algorithms lie at the heart of modern information security, and substitution box (S‐box) design is a critical component in achieving robust encryption. S‐boxes provide the nonlinearity ...

Hannah handed me a piece of paper with the following string of letters. “Each letter stands for another one,” said Hannah. “Ooh, a substitution cipher!” I thought. But I was stumped. “Is this just one ...

Encryption is an essential tool for protecting data—but the technology can be a bit confusing. This ebook explains what encryption is, how it works, and why it’s so important. From the ebook: ...