The OSI (Open Systems interconnection) reference model is a conceptual framework used to understand and implement network protocols through seven layers. Each layer provides a specific function. The ...

This repository contains well-structured R&D documents that explain the architecture, working, and functionality of various foundational networking models and protocols. These documents are part of a ...

Set Your Goal on Becoming a TCP/IP Master By far, the best training you can give yourself regarding protocols is in the area of TCP/IP. Plan on becoming a TCP/IP expert and you'll save yourself many ...

The current IP address scheme of 32-bit words is fast becoming inadequate. It would appear that 2 32 = 4 294 967 296 combinations of addresses should be enough for everybody, but in practice this is ...

The purpose of the network layer is to help route messages between different local networks. Central to this layer is the concept of exclusive network addresses, where every terminal connected to the ...

Abstract: The definition of TCP friendliness has been evolved over time from the traditional one for congestion control protocols to the recent ones for admission control protocols. All of them can ...