Once in the bloodstream, they would conceivably induce an immune response but not be able to reproduce. One possible use of an expanded genetic alphabet is to allow cells to make new types of ...

Scientists have taken a significant step toward altering the fundamental alphabet of life — creating an organism with DNA containing artificial genetic code. That could lead to organisms that ...

Most everyone has heard of the A’s, G’s, C’s, and T’s of DNA. These four letters form the alphabet for the instructions for all life on the planet. Now a group of scientists at Scripps in San Diego ...

Scientists reported Wednesday that they'd taken a significant step toward altering the fundamental alphabet of life — creating for the first time an organism with DNA containing artificial ...

With a bigger genetic alphabet, cells could potentially encode synthetic amino acids not found in nature and make novel proteins that would be difficult--if not impossible--to synthesize directly.

Existing alphabets are modified or new ones added to accommodate new sounds and needs. Scholars have attempted to expand and modify the Tamil alphabet to include sounds such as “f”.