Scope in JavaScript refers to context (or portion) of the code which determines the accessibility (visibility) of variables. In JavaScript, we have two types of scope, local , and global.

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この動画では、モダンJavaScriptにおける「モジュール」の基本について分かりやすく解説します。スコープ（名前空間）の衝突を避けるために ...

Pre-standard C++ had quirky scope behavior similar to your first example - variables declared specifically in a for loop's initializer statement remained in scope through the end of the block.