Imagine you're a researcher studying how sleep affects mood. To explore the connection, you would look at two key "variables": sleep (how much someone gets) and mood (how happy or irritable they feel) ...

In any scientific research, there are typically two variables of interest: independent variables and dependent variables. In forming the backbone of scientific experiments, they help scientists ...

The inclusion of sex as a biological variable in research is absolutely essential for improving our understanding of disease mechanisms contributing to risk and resilience. Studies focusing on ...

At times it is desirable to have independent variables in the model that are qualitative rather than quantitative. This is easily handled in a regression framework. Regression uses qualitative ...

In this paper we use simulations to examine how endogeneity biases the results reported by ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. In addition, we examine how instrumental variable techniques help to ...