Systematic sampling is low risk, controllable and easy, but this statistical sampling method could lead to sampling errors and data manipulation.

Systematic sampling, the classical approach to the estimation of areas by point-counting techniques, is compared to stratified random sampling and to systematic sampling with multiple random starts.

The stratified random sample is always at least as accurate on the average as the random sample and its relative efficiency is a monotone increasing function of the size of the sample. No general ...