Beam deflection is an essential consideration in engineering and construction projects. It refers to the amount a beam deforms or bends under the influence of external forces. Accurate calculation of ...
Transverse opening in a beam has a reducing effect of the beam stiffness which will cause a significant increase in beam deflection in the region on the opening. In this paper, a new stiffness matrix ...
Transverse opening in a beam has a reducing effect of the beam stiffness which will cause a significant increase in beam deflection in the region on the opening. In this paper, a new stiffness matrix ...