Abstract: The proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller is improved to meet control system requirements for the boost-glide rocket with difficulty in manually adjusting parameters. A method ...

Hello everyone, today I would like to discuss some cutting-edge thoughts on new energy vehicle testing. With the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, a profound transformation is occurring: ...

Abstract: The integrated wheel-end module (IWEM) incorporates both driving and steering functions at the wheel end, enabling independent control of each wheel and significantly enhancing the vehicle’s ...