We use computers close computerA device that processes information by following a set of rules called a program., computing devices and computer systems close computer systemA series of connected ...

Most programs require data from the user. This is processed and the outcome is outputted or moved to secondary storage. In some languages the input and output is combined to form a single statement.

For anyone who’s seen a 1970’s era microcomputer like the Altair 8800 doing its thing, you’ll know the centerpiece of these behemoths is the array of LEDs and toggle switches used as input and output.

This experimental study investigates the differential effects of three conditions (nonnegotiated premodified input, negotiation without "pushed output" [Swain, 1985], and negotiation plus pushed ...