* `list.pop(1)` removes and returns item at given index **Loops** repeat a process/operation multiple times. `for` loops run x amount of times (whatever you decide), and `while` loops run indefinitely ...

When a program runs, the basic I/O (input/output) functions are print, raw_input (), and input (). print One of the most useful tools available in Python is the print function.

Take advantage of caching and the lru_cache decorator to relieve your Python functions from repetitive heavy lifting.