Reference The bulk modulus of water is 22 x 10^9 Pascals This number increases as the water comes under more pressure Another equation for the bulk modulus of water is 22 x 10 9 N m^2,or Newtons per ...

Background: Currently, some novel rods with lower elastic modulus have the potential as alternatives to traditional titanium alloy rods in lumbar fusion. However, how the elastic modulus of the rod ...