The difference between a full step or half step Rotary Encoder type is how the data signals of the two pins are generated. It depends on the mechanical construction of the notches and contacts inside ...

Abstract: This paper presents a new concept of small magnetic rotary encoders. The magnetic field induced by a rotatable magnet is detected by integrated CMOS magnetic sensors (MAGFETs) arranged in a ...

Abstract: The use of permanent magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMA-SynRM) is increasing due to its advantages and superiority over induction motors. The ...

Contents presented in the Microcontrollers Laboratory Course; Microcontrollers used: Arduino UNO R3 & DOIT ESP32 DEVKIT V1 - CSE Department, Shiraz University, Spring 2025.