A formula used to turn ordinary data, or "plaintext," into a secret coded message known as "ciphertext." The ciphertext can reside in storage or travel over unsecure networks without its contents ...
POCATELLO — Taken from the bowels of a German U-boat during World War II, a working Enigma cipher machine has made its way to Idaho State University. Recovery of the electro-magnetic rotor cipher ...
A rare 1944 four-rotor M4 Enigma cipher machine, considered one of the hardest challenges for the Allies to decrypt, has sold at a Christie's auction for £347,250 ($437,955). The winning bid for the ...
Edward Hebern of California designed this rotor for a cipher machine. Commercial rotary cipher machines would be introduced in the 1920s and 1930s for commercial purposes by several people in several ...
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